The philosopher Khalil Gibran wrote: "The souls of those stronger than they are hardened by suffering. The characters are substantially more scattered scars."
The death of a loved one, job loss, serious illness are life experiences that put a strain on the psychological wellbeing of the person: strong emotions and deep sense of unease and uncertainty take over and the person may feel a puzzle that falls apart. " Hard to read the event, place it in perspective, establish responsibilities and honors, everything seems hazy, time flows dictated by the mood and things take on a different flavor. Some adapt quickly, others require a process più laborioso e faticoso: ma da cosa deriva questa differente capacità di resistere agli “urti” della vita?O meglio, perché ci sono individui più o meno resilienti?
La resilienza, termine derivato dalla scienza dei materiali e indicante la proprietà che alcuni materiali hanno di conservare la propria struttura o di riacquistare la forma originaria dopo essere stati sottoposti a schiacciamento o deformazione, in psicologia connota proprio la capacità delle persone di far fronte agli eventi stressanti o traumatici e di riorganizzare in maniera positiva la propria vita dinanzi alle difficoltà. Non è quindi solo capacità di resistere, ma anche di “ricostruire”la propria dimensione, il proprio percorso of life, finding a new interpretation of self, others and the world, discovering a new strength to overcome adversity. This is an individual process, therefore, that which is built in the person based on personality, attachment patterns and events of life and therefore occurs in a different way in each of us. Very often, it can happen that when a person we know is facing a particularly stressful event, we think "If I were in his place I would not be able to bear it", but as mentioned, this depends on our experiences, our learning from our staff and therefore we filter and process the events and their meanings so differently, react and integrate them into memory just as different.
People with a high level of resilience, therefore, unable to respond effectively to the contrary, to give new impetus to their existence and even to achieve important goals. Exposure to adversity seems to strengthen rather than weaken them. They tend to be optimistic, flexible and creative, know how to work in groups and are easy to build on their own and others' experiences.
But what causes an individual is more or less resilient?
To determine a high level of resilience contribute different factors, first of all inside and outside the presence of family relationships supportive and caring people. This type of reporting creates a climate of love and trust, encouraging and providing encouragement and reassurance, thus, enhancing the level of resilience. The other factors are involved: •
OPTIMISM: it is the disposition to take the good side of things, the tendency to expect a future full of positive opportunities, the propensity to diminish the difficulties of life, always trying to find solutions to problems.
• SELF-ESTEEM: high self-esteem protects against feelings of anxiety and depression and positively influence the health physics. It refers to a positive view of self
• hardiness: personality trait that includes three dimensions:
- REVIEW: conviction of being able to control the environment surrounding the outcome of events, putting in place all the resources to cope with difficulties.
- COMMITMENT: definition and pursuit of goals.
- CHALLENGE: vision changes such as incentives and opportunities for growth.
• Positive emotions: the ability to replace moans and groans with positive emotions.
• SOCIAL SUPPORT: ability to build relationships that can support multiple heterogeneous and the individual in times of trouble.
roads that can lead people to increase their level of resilience are numerous.
In searching for the most appropriate strategy to improve their level of resilience can help focus attention on the experiences of the past trying to identify the resources that represent the personal strengths. A system that facilitates the identification of resources to them is to try to provide answers to these simple questions:
-like events were particularly stressful for me?
-how these events have affected me?
-in difficult times I have found it useful to speak to me for people meaningful?
-in difficult times as I learned about myself and my way of interacting with others?
-is helpful for me to provide assistance to someone who was going through momenti difficili come quelli da me sperimentati?
-sono stato capace di superare le difficoltà ed, eventualmente, in che modo?
-che cosa mi ha consentito di guardare con maggiore fiducia al mio futuro?
La “resilienza” può quindi essere appresa, sviluppando l’autostima, l’autoefficacia, l’abilità di tollerare le frustrazioni della vita senza lamentarsi, la capacità di risolvere i problemi e di produrre cambiamenti, la speranza, la tenacia, il senso dell’umorismo: La resilienza non è dunque una caratteristica che è presente o assente in un individuo; essa presuppone invece comportamenti, pensieri ed azioni che possono essere appresi da chiunque in qualunque circostanza.
Having a high level of resilience does not mean the experiment at all
problems or life stresses, have a high level of resilience does not mean being infallible but resilient people who are willing to change when necessary, who is willing to think they can make mistakes but whoever gives the possibility to correct the course.
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